The Treaty of Friendship, Partnership and Cooperation between Italy and Libya, signed on March 2, 2009, and ratified by the Italian State with Law No. 7 of February 6, 2009, is a significant bilateral agreement that establishes a legal framework for relations between the two countries, fostering cooperation in various fields, including political, economic, cultural, and military sectors.
The treaty is of indefinite duration, but it may be amended or terminated by either Party in accordance with the procedures outlined in the treaty itself. It was officially published in the Italian Official Gazette No. 89 on April 17, 2009.
The treaty’s main goal is to establish a relationship of friendship and strategic partnership between the two States, based on principles of mutual respect for sovereignty, non-interference in internal affairs, and deep cooperation in numerous sectors, including security, justice, trade, energy, and culture. It aims not only to intensify economic exchanges but also to establish a stable political relationship allowing the two nations to jointly address regional and international challenges.
The treaty also includes specific provisions for joint energy development, strengthening relations in the oil and gas sector, and a commitment to carry out bilateral infrastructure projects.
Following the fall of the Libyan regime in 2011, the full implementation of the treaty faced challenges due to the political instability affecting Libya. Despite these difficulties, Italian and Libyan authorities maintained dialogue through separate bilateral agreements and within the broader framework of international relations. On several occasions, attempts have been made to relaunch cooperation, especially in the fields of energy and security.
With the consolidation of political stability in Libya in the following years—particularly after the formation of the Government of National Unity in 2021—efforts have resumed to renew dialogue between the two States.

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